Territories, race, and forced mobility: public transportation as an expression of environmental racism in Aparecida de Goiânia
Keywords:
Environmental Racism, Public Transportation, Urban Mobility, Right to the City, Environmental JusticeAbstract
This study analyzes the relationship between public transportation and environmental racism in Aparecida de Goiânia/GO, seeking to understand how the structure and public policies of urban mobility reproduce racial, socioeconomic, and territorial inequalities. It starts from the research question: how do public policies and the organization of public transportation contribute to the perpetuation of environmental racism practices that restrict the right to the city and environmental justice? The research adopts an analytical-interpretative approach, articulating theoretical foundations from Lefebvre (2001), Bullard (1993), and Acselrad (2010) with the empirical analysis of data obtained from questionnaires applied to 105 participants. The overall objective is to analyze how public transportation is a vector of urban environmental injustice. The specific objectives are: (1) to critically examine the configuration and functioning of the public transportation system in Aparecida de Goiânia, relating its structural failures to racial and territorial inequality; (2) empirically investigate the social and environmental impacts of unequal mobility on different racial, gender, and income groups. The results show that the deterioration of public transportation, combined with spatial segregation and economic vulnerability, materializes environmental racism and negates the effectiveness of the right to the city. It is concluded that overcoming this reality requires integrated policies on mobility, racial equity, and socio-environmental justice.
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